2011 Human Resources Development Indicators in Korea
- Publication Year
- 2012-11-05
- Created
- 2012-11-15
- Table Of Contents
- Ⅰ. Socio-Economic Background
1. Population 1) Total Population Growth Rate & Estimation of Sex Ratio 3
2) Estimates of Productive Population by Age Group 4
3) Population Structure by Educational Attainment and Gender(2010) 5
4) Ratio of School Age Population to Total Population 6
5) Fertility Rate and Gender Ratio at Birth 6
6) Estimates of Population Composition and Ageing Index 7
7) Estimates of Dependency Ratios by year 7
8) Population Composition of Metropolitan Area 8
9) Number of Foreign Workers 9
10) Number of Emigrants per 1,000 of Population 10
2. International Comparison of Population Structure
1) Total Population 11
2) Population Growth Rates 13
3) Total Fertility Rates 14
4) Elderly Population(aged 65 and over) 15
5) Percentage of Population with Completion of Higher Education by Age Group(2009) 16
6) Net Migration Rate 17
7) Foreign-born Population 18
8) Foreign Population and Foreign-born Nationals 19
9) Unemployment Rates of Foreign- and Native-born Population(Male) 20
10) Unemployment Rates of Foreign- and Native-born Population(Female) 21
11) Employment Rates of Native-born and Foreign-born Population by Educational Attainment 22
3. Economic Background
1) GDP and GNI 23
2) GDP Per Capita 23
3) GNI Per Capita 25
4) Real GDP Growth 26
5) GDP per Capita and Growth Rates for OECD Countries 27
6) Household Net Saving Rates 28
7) International Trade in Goods and Services 29
4. Social Background
1) Life Expectancy at Birth: Total 30
2) Life Expectancy at Birth: Men 31
3) Life Expectancy at Birth: Women 32
4) Infant Mortality 33
5) Number of Population per Medical Personnel 34
6) Public and Private Expenditure on Pension 35
7) Income Inequality 36
8) Victimisation by Type of Crime and Fear of Crime 37
9) Road Fatalities 38
5. Quality of Life
1) Poverty Rates 39
2) Percentage of 15 to 19 Year-Olds Not in Education or Employment 40
3) Distribution of Leisure Time 41
4) Household Expenditure on Recreation and Culture 42
5) Government Expenditure on Recreation and Culture 43
6) Household and Government Expenditure on Recreation and culture 44
7) Arrivals of Non-Resident Tourists in Hotels and Similar Establishments or at Borders 45
8) People Reporting Volunteering or Social Support 46
9) People Reporting Various Positive Experiences 47
10) People Reporting Various Negative Experiences 48
6. National Competitiveness
1) World Competitiveness Ranking(2011) 49
2) World Competitiveness Ranking by Sector No. 1 50
3) World Competitiveness Ranking by Sector No. 2 52
4) World Competitiveness Ranking in Education Sector(2011) 54
5) Korea’s Educational Competitiveness by Year 55
6) Foreign Labor Force & High-skilled Foreign Workers 56
7) Brain Drain Index 57
8) Human Development Index(2010) 58
9) Gender-related Development Index(GDI), Equal Opportunity Index 59
10) Industrial Production Index 60
11) Scientific Environment Index(2011) 61
12) Technology Management Index(2011) 62
13) Intellectual Property(2008) 63
14) High-Tech Exports(2009) 64
Ⅱ. Education
A. Pre-Elementary Education
1. General Status
1) Number of Childcare Facilities 67
2) Type of Childcare Facilities by Enrolled Children(2010) 67
3) Childcare Facilities by Foundation and Region(2010) 68
4) Number of Kindergartens 69
5) Proportion of Kindergartens by Enrolled Children(2010) 69
6) Kindergartens by Region and Establishment Type(2010) 70
7) Kindergartens by Number of Classes(2010) 71
8) Kindergartens by Type of Operation 71
2. Children
1) Number of Children in Childcare Facilities 72
2) Children in Childcare Facilities by Establishment Type and Region(2010) 73
3) Enrollment Rate in Childcare Facilities 74
4) Enrollment Rate in Childcare Facilities by Region(2010) 74
5) Enrollment Rate in Childcare Facilities by Foundation and Age(2010) 75
6) Number of Children by Kindergarten Foundation 75
7) Number of Children by Kindergarten Foundation and Region(2010) 76
8) Number of Children per Kindergarten Class 76
9) Enrollment Rate in Kindergartens 77
10) Enrollment Rate in Kindergartens by Region(2009) 77
11) Enrollment Rate in Kindergartens by Foundation and Age(2010) 78
3. Teachers
1) Number of Teachers in Kindergartens and Childcare Facilities 79
2) Kindergarten Teachers by Position(2010) 79
3) Kindergarten Teachers by Qualification(2010) 80
4) Kindergarten Teachers by Teaching Experience(2010) 80
5) Kindergarten Teachers by Age(2010) 80
6) Proportion of Female Kindergarten Teachers(2010) 81
7) Resignation Rate of Kindergarten Teachers 81
8) Number of Children per Teacher in Kindergartens and Childcare Facilities 82
4. Budget and Funds 1
) Pre-Elementary Education Budget of Total Education Budget 83
2) Budget for Childcare 83
3) Pre-elementary Education Budget Support by Local Education Office 83
4) Monthly Average Kindergarten Fees by Establishment Type and Region(2009) 84
5) Government Support for Children in Low-income Families 84
B. Elementary and Secondary Education
1. General Status
1) Number of Elementary Schools 85
2) Classes of Elementary Schools 85
3) Elementary School Students 86
4) Elementary School Teachers 86
5) Number of Small-sized Elementary Schools for the Past 8 Years 87
6) Number of Middle Schools 87
7) Classes of Middle Schools 88
8) Middle School Students 88
9) Middle School Teachers 89
10) Number of General High Schools 89
11) Classes of General High Schools 90
12) General High School Students 90
13) General High School Teachers 91
14) Changes of Applied/Non-applied Area of High School Standardization Policy 91
15) Standardization of High Schools by Region(2010) 92
16) Conditions of Standardized/Non-Standardized High Schools(2010) 92
17) High School Teachers in Standardized/Non-Standardized Area(2009) 93
18) Employment/Advancement Status of Graduates by Application of High School Standardization(2010) 93
19) Applied/Non-applied Area of High School Standardization Policy 94
2. Students
1) Number of Students per School 95
2) Number of Students per Class 95
3) Enrollment Rate by School Level 96
4) Advancement Rate into Higher Education by General & Vocational High School Graduates 96
5) Advancement Rate to Higher Level of Education 97
6) School Dropout Rate 97
7) Graduation Rate 98
8) Applicants and Examinees of University Entrance Exam 98
9) Admission Quota of Higher Education Institution Entrants by Academic Year 99
10) Trends of Vocational High School Graduates’ Advancement into Higher Education 99
11) Students Supported by Scholarships & Tuition Fee Exemption in the past 6 Years 100
12) Students Going Overseas to Study 100
13) Students Going Abroad by Cause(2008 School Year) 101
14) Elementary Students Studying Abroad 101
15) Elementary Students Studying Abroad by Region(2009) 102
16) Middle & High School Students Studying Abroad 103
17) Middle & High School Students Studying Abroad by Region(2009) 104
3. Teachers
1) Number of Students per Teacher 105
2) Elementary School Teachers by Age 105
3) Middle School Teachers by Age 106
4) High School Teachers by Age 106
5) Vocational High School Teachers by Age 107
6) Average Age of Teachers for the past 7 Years 107
7) Average Teaching Hours per Week 108
8) Teaching Hours per Week by City Size(2010) 108
9) Teaching Hours per Week by Position(2010) 109
10) Proportions of Permanent and Temporary Teachers 109
11) Elementary School Teachers by Position 110
12) Middle School Teachers by Position 110
13) General High School Teachers by Position 111
14) Vocational High School Teachers by Position 111
15) Retired Teachers 112
16) Retirement Rate of Teachers 112
17) Percentage of Female Teachers 113
18) Percentage of Female Teachers Promoted to Managerial Position 114
19) Educational Profession 114
20) Procurement Rate of Elementary Teachers by Region(2008) 115
21) Procurement Rate of Elementary and Secondary Teachers by Region(2008) 116
22) Enrollments of Elementary Teacher Training Institute(2009) 116
23) Admission Quota of Secondary Teacher Training Institute(2009) 117
24) Number of Applicants and Successful Candidates of Secondary Teacher Recruitment Examination 118
25) Number of Applicants and Successful Candidates of Secondary Teacher Recruitment Examination by Region(2010) 119
26) Secondary Teacher’s License 120
4. Budget and Funds
1) Budget of Central Government and Ministry of Education, Science & Technology(MEST) 121
2) Educational Expenditure Rate per Household 122
3) Household’s Monthly Average Educational Expenditure 122
4) Payment for Elementary and Middle School(2010) 123
5) Middle & High School Students Supported by Scholarships & Tuition Fee Exemption 124
6) Funds for School Development(2006) 124
7) Funds for School Development by Region(2006) 125
8) Support Funds for Educational Expenses of Low-income Group(2006) 126
9) After School Programs by Tuition Fee(2007) 128
10) Hourly Wage for After School Teachers(June, 2010) 128
C. Higher Education
1. General Status
1) Higher Education Institutions(2010) 129
2) Number of Higher Education Institutions 130
3) Graduate Schools by Type 131
4) Enrollment Rate of Higher Education Institutions 132
5) Universities in Capital Area(2010) 132
6) Junior Colleges in Capital Area(2010) 133
7) Admission Quota in Capital Area(2010) 133
8) High School Graduates by Region and Academic Field(2010) 134
9) Admission Quota for Colleges & Universities and High School Graduates by Region(2010) 135
2. Students
1) Enrollments in Higher Education Institutions 136
2) Admission Quota of Higher Education Institutions 136
3) Composition of Higher Education Students by Academic Field(University) 137
4) Higher Education Students by Academic Field(Junior College) 137
5) Competition and Enrollment Rates of University by Academic Field 138
6) Competition and Enrollment Rates in Junior Colleges by Academic Field 140
7) Enrollment Rate of Higher Education Institutions by Region(2010) 142
8) Foreign Students in University and Junior College 143
9) Employment and Advancement Rate of Graduates 143
10) Employment & Advancement(University) 144
11) Employment & Advancement(Junior College) 144
12) Employment & Advancement(Industrial Univ.) 145
13) Employment & Advancement(Univ. of Education) 145
14) Employment & Advancement(Miscellaneous School) 146
15) Higher Education Enrollments per 10,000 Population 146
16) Transferred Students by Academic Field(University) 147
17) Transferred Students by Region(University) 147
18) Dropout Rate in Higher Education Institutions 148
19) Students on Temporary Leave and Delisted by Academic Field(University) 149
20) Students on Temporary Leave and Delisted by Region 150
21) Operation of Educational Consignment Programs in Junior College 152
22) Graduate Students by Establishment Type 153
23) Graduate Students by Degree Program 153
24) Competition and Enrollment Rates in Graduate Schools by Degree Program 154
25) Competition and Enrollment Rates of Graduate Schools by Academic Field 155
26) Ph.D. Degree Recipients by Academic Field per 10,000 Population 157
27) Ph.D. Degree Recipients from Korean and Foreign Institutions 158
28) Ph.D. Degree Recipients from Foreign Institutions by Country(2011) 159
29) Rate of University Tuition Fee Increase by Establishment Type and Academic Field 160
3. Faculty Members 1
) Procurement Rate of Faculty Members by Establishment(2007) 161
2) Faculty Members by Major(University) 162
3) Faculty Members by Major(Junior College) 162
4) Proportion of Female Faculty Members 163
5) Part-time Lecturers by Establishment Type 163
6) Ratio of Part-time Lecturers to Full-time Lecturers 164
7) Proportion of Foreign Full-time Lecturers 165
8) Newly Hired Lecturers by Gender 165
9) Newly Hired Lecturers by Korean and Foreign Degree Awarded 166
10) Enrollments per Full-time Lecturer 166
11) Teaching Hours per Week by Foundation 167
12) Number of Students and Lecturers per Staff 167
4. Budget and Funds
1) Financial Support Provided by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology to Higher Education Institutions 168
2) Breakdown of Public Funds for Higher Education Institutions by Program(2004~2005) 169
3) Breakdown of Public Funds for Junior Colleges(2005) 170
4) Payment of Fees in Colleges and Universities(2010) 171
5) Scholarship Support & Tuition Fee Exemption 172
6) Number of Students Supported by Scholarship & Tuition Fee Exemption(2010) 173
5. Graduates Employment 1
) Graduates Employment by Type of Institution and Degree(2010) 174
2) Graduates Employment by Region(2010) 176
3) Graduates Employment Status by Type of Institution(2009) 177
4) Employment and Advancement Rate of Graduates by Gender(2010) 178
5) Graduates Employment Rate by Type of Institution and Gender(2010) 178
6) Graduates Employment by Academic Field(2010) 179
7) Top-ten Majors with Highest Employment Rate 180
8) Major Industries Hiring Higher Education Graduates(2009) 181
9) Major Occupations Entered by Graduates(2009) 182
10) Level of Major-Job Match among Graduates(2009) 183
11) Channels of Finding Employment(2009) 184
6. Students Studying Abroad
1) Foreign Students in Higher Education 185
2) Foreign Students in Higher Education by Region of Origin 185
3) Foreign Students in Higher Education by Type of Funding 186
4) Foreign Students in Higher Education by Country, Field and Establishment Type(2010) 187
5) Foreign Students in Higher Education by Main Student-sending Country(2010) 187
6) Korean Students Studying Abroad 188
7) Korean Students in Foreign Higher Education Institutions by Region 188
8) Korean Students in Foreign Higher Education Institutions by Region and Course(2010) 188
9) Korean Students in Foreign Higher Education Institutions by Main Hosting Country 189
D. International Comparison of Education
1. General Status
1) Enrollment Rate by Age(2009) 190
2) Students per Class in Elementary and Lower Secondary Education by Type of Institution(2009) 191
3) Pre-Elementary Education 192
4) Population Aged 15 to 20 by Level of Education(2009) 193
5) Types of Post-Secondary Enrollment(2009) 194
6) Entry Rates of Tertiary Education and Age Distribution of New Entrants(2009) 195
7) Trends in Tertiary Education Entry Rates(2002~2009) 196
8) Students in Tertiary Education by Type of Institution and Mode of Enrollment(2009) 197
9) Percentage of Exchange and Foreign Students in Tertiary Education(2009) 198
10) Distribution of Foreign Students in Higher Education by Country of Destination(2009) 199
11) Distribution of Exchange and Foreign Students in Tertiary Education by Country of Origin(2009) 201
12) Compulsory and Intended Instruction Time in Public Institutions(2009) 203
13) Instruction Time per Subject as a Percentage of Total Compulsory Instruction Time for 9-11 Year-olds(2009) 204
14) Instruction Time per Subject as a Percentage of Total Compulsory Instruction Time for 12-14 Year-olds(2009) 205
15) Teachers’ Salaries(2009) 206
16) Teachers’ Working Time(2009) 207
17) Number of Students per Teacher(2009) 208
2. Academic Achievement
1) Countries Rankings in Reading, Mathematics and Science Performance(2009) 209
2) Percentage of Students at Each Proficiency Level on the Reading Scale(2009) 210
3) Percentage of Students at Each Proficiency Level on the Mathematics Scale(2009) 212
4) Percentage of Students at Each Proficiency Level on the Science Scale(2009) 214
5) Mean Score, Variation and Gender Differences in Student Performance on the Science Scale(PISA 2009) 216
6) Mean Score, Variation and Gender Differences in Student Performance on the Reading Scale(PISA 2009) 217
7) Mean Score, Variation and Gender Differences in Student Performance on the Mathematics Scale(PISA 2009) 218
3. Graduation Rate
1) Upper Secondary Graduation Rate(2009) 219
2) Trends in Upper Secondary Graduation Rate(1995~2009) 220
3) Graduation Rates at Tertiary Level(2009) 221
4) Trends in Graduation Rates at Tertiary Level(2001~2009) 222
5) Graduates at Tertiary Level by Field(2009) 223
6) Percentage of Population with Tertiary Education: Aged 25-64(1997~2008) 224
7) Percentage of Population with Tertiary Education: Aged 25-34 225
8) Percentage of Population with Tertiary Education: Aged 55-64 226
9) Relative Income of the Population with Tertiary Education by Gender: Aged 25-64 227
4. Budget and Funds
1) Expenditure on Educational Institutions for OECD Countries by Type of Expense and Level of Education(2008) 228
2) Expenditure on Educational Institutions as a Percentage of GDP by Level of Education(2008) 229
3) Annual Expenditure of Educational Institutions per Student for OECD Countries(2008) 230
4) Change in Expenditure on Educational Institutions Relative to GDP for OECD Countries 231
5) Expenditure of Educational Institutions by Source of Funds and Level of Education(2008) 232
6) Expenditure of Educational Institutions by Source of Funds and Level of Education for OECD Countries(2008) 233
7) Expenditure on Educational Institutions per Student and Change in Expenditure: Elementary, Secondary and Post-Secondary Non-Tertiary Education 234
8) Expenditure on Educational Institutions per Student and Change in Expenditure: Tertiary Education 235
9) Trends in Proportions of Public Expenditure on Tertiary Educational Institutions and Index of Change 236
E. Vocational Education
1. Status of Vocational Education
1) Specialized High Schools by Region(2010) 237
2) Number of Vocational High Schools 237
3) Number of Vocational High School Classes 238
4) Number of Vocational High School Students 238
5) Number of Vocational High School Teachers 239
6) Vocational High Schools by Type 240
7) Meister High Schools 242
8) Vocational High School Entrants by Field 243
9) Number of Students per Teacher by Type of Vocational High School 244
10) General High School Students to Vocational High School Students Ratio 245
11) Vocational Courses in General High Schools 246
12) Number of Junior Colleges 247
13) Number of Junior College Students 247
14) Number of Junior College Teachers 248
15) Advancement and Employment Rates of Junior College Graduates 248
16) Technical Colleges and Corporate Colleges 249
17) Employment Rate of Vocational Education Graduates by Level of Education 250
18) Major and Job Matching Employment Rate of Vocational Education Graduates 251
F. Lifelong Education
1. Status of Lifelong Education
1) Lifelong Education Institutions by Region(2010) 252
2) Lifelong Education Institutions by Type(2010) 253
3) Accredited Lifelong Education Facilities 254
4) Lifelong Education Institutions Attached to Higher Education Institutions(2010) 255
5) Current Status of Selected Lifelong Learning Cities 256
6) Placement of Lifelong Educators by Type of Institution(2010) 257
7) Placement of Lifelong Educators by Region(2010) 257
8) Training of Lifelong Educators 258
9) Number of Students Aged 25 and Over in Higher Education 259
10) Air & Correspondence High Schools by Region(2010) 260
11) Air & Correspondence Universities 261
12) Distance and Cyber Universities(2010) 261
13) Application Success Rate of Self-study Bachelor’s Degree Examination 262
14) Application Success Rate of Self-study Bachelor’s Degree Examination by Region(2010) 262
15) Application Success Rate of Self-study Bachelor’s Degree Examination by Occupation(2010) 263
16) Private Institutes & Course enrollment 264
17) Attendants by Occupational Status 264
18) Corporate Universities/Colleges(2010) 265
2. Academic Credit Bank System
1) Education & Training Institutions by Type(2010) 266
2) Enrollments by Type of Institutions(2010) 267
3) Enrollments by Age 268
4) Degrees Conferred through Academic Credit Bank System 269
5) Number of Accredited Courses 270
Ⅲ. Labor Market
1. Participation in Economic Activities
1) Economically Active Population by Gender 273
2) Labor Force Participation Rate by Age 274
3) Labor Force Participation Rate by Educational Attainment Level 274
4) Attitudes toward Female Employment 275
5) Percentage of Professional?Managerial Workers among Employed Females 276
6) Percentage of Female Employees in Government Sector 277
7) Average Weekly Working Hours by Gender and Industry 278
8) Average Monthly Working Days by Industry 280
9) Levels of Satisfaction with Working Conditions 1 282
10) Levels of Satisfaction with Working Conditions 2 284
11) Production Structure 286
12) Attitudes toward Possibility of Social Mobility 288
2. Employed and Unemployed Population
1) Composition of Employment by Industry 290
2) Employment by Occupation(2010) 290
3) Discouraged Workers 291
4) Unemployment Rate by Educational Attainment 291
5) Unemployment Rate by Age 292
6) Labor Force Participation Rate and Unemployment Rate of Persons Aged 60 & Over 292
7) Employment Separation Rate by Industry 293
8) Non-economically Active Population by Activity Status(Male) 294
9) Non-economically Active Population by Activity Status(Female) 295
10) Composition of Employed Persons by Occupation 296
11) Distribution of Employed Persons by Worker's Status(All Industries) 297
12) Labor Shortage Ratio by Establishment Size 298
13) Number & Distribution of the Unemployed by Age Group 299
3. Economically Active Youth Population
1) Trends in Economically Active Youth Population 301
2) Additional Survey on Economically Active Youth Population 301
3) Economic Activities of Youth Population in Usual Day(2008) 302
4) Total and Youth Unemployment Rates 302
5) Youth Unemployment Rate by Month(Aged 15~29) 303
6) The Youth Unemployed Depending on Employment Experience 304
7) Time Required for Young Graduates/Dropouts to Get First Job 305
8) Channels of Finding Employment for Young Graduates/Dropouts(2011) 305
9) Number of the Employed Youth(Aged 15 to 29) by Type of Employment(2008) 306
10) Preparation for Recruitment Exams Among Non-economically Active Youth Population(2011) 306
11) International Comparison of Youth Unemployment Rate(2010) 307
12) Economic Activities of People Aged 15 to 24 in OECD Countries 308
4. Wage
1) Distribution of Workers by Wage 309
2) Wages by Educational Attainment and Gender 310
3) Wages by Industry and Gender(Companies with 5 or more Employees) 311
4) Wages by Occupation and Gender(Companies with 5 or more Employees) 313
5) Ratio of Compensation of Employees to NI 314
6) Trends in Monthly Income of Urban Wage Earners' Households(Annual Increase Rate) 315
7) Income Distribution by Decile & Concentration Index(Urban Wage Earners' Households) 316
8) Labor Productivity Indices 317
9) Trends in Labor Costs per Regular Employee 318
5. International Comparison of Labor Market
1) Employment Rates: Total 319
2) Employment Rates: Men 320
3) Employment Rates: Women 321
4) Employment Rates by Level of Education and Gender(2009) 322
5) Employment Rates for Age Group 15-24 323
6) Employment Rates for Age Group 25-54 324
7) Employment Rates for Age Group 55-64 325
8) Percentage of Part-time Employment 326
9) Self-employment Rates: Total 327
10) Self-employment Rates: Men 328
11) Self-employment Rates: Women 329
12) Unemployment Rates: Total 330
13) Unemployment Rates: Men 331
14) Unemployment Rates: Women 332
15) Long-term Unemployment 333
16) Labor Compensation per Unit Labor Input, Total Economy 334
17) Labor Compensation per Hour, Total Economy 335
18) Unit Labor Costs, Business Sector 336
19) Average Hours Actually Worked 337
Ⅳ. Vocational Education & Training(VET)
1. Skills Development
1) Status of VET 341
2) VET Programs 342
3) The Number of VET Institutes 343
4) Outcomes of Participating Institutes by its Size 344
5) Outcomes of Participating Institutes by Industry 345
6) Outcomes of Trainees on VET by Size of Institute 346
7) Outcomes of Trainees on VET by Industry 347
8) Outcomes of Trainees on VET by Type of Occupation 348
9) VET Institutes by Training Course 349
10) Trainees on VET by Training Course 349
11) Trainees on VET by Training Method 350
12) Outcomes of VET Loan Programs by Characteristic of Beneficiaries 351
13) Outcomes of VET Re-employment Training by Characteristic of Participants 352
14) Completion of VET for Re-employment 353
15) Participation Rate in VET of the Employed by Firm Size 354
16) Vocational Training as a Countermeasure against Unemployment 354
17) Expenditure on Education and Training by Company Size(Companies with 10 or more Employees) 355
18) Revenue and Expenditure of Employment Insurance Fund 356
19) Number of Employment Security Offices 357
20) Job Placement by Type of Employment Security Office 358
21) Factors Affecting Job Selection by Gender & Educational Attainment(2009) 359
2. Investment and Cost in Skills Development
1) Investment in Vocational Training 360
2) Proportion of Education and Training Costs Relative to Labor Costs for Companies 360
3) Funding Support for VET by Company Size 361
4) Funding Support for VET by Industry 362
5) Funding Support for VET by Occupation 363
6) Funding Support for VET by Training Course 364
7) Funding Support for VET by Training Method 364
3. Qualification System
1) National Technical Qualifications 365
2) National Technical Qualifications Acquired 366
3) National Technical Qualifications Acquired by Vocational High School Students 367
4) National Technical Qualifications Acquired by Junior College Students 368
Ⅴ. Research & Development, Science & Technology
1. Research & Development, Science & Technology
1) R&D Cost: Total 371
2) Number of Researchers by Institute 371
3) Ratio of Researchers to Economically Active Population(Aged 15-64) 372
4) Researchers with Degrees by Type of Institute(2009) 373
5) Number of Researchers by Major 374
6) International Comparison of Researcher: Full-Time Equivalent 374
7) R&D Costs by Type of Institute 375
8) R&D Costs by Type of Research 375
9) International Comparison of R&D Costs 376
10) International Comparison of R&D Costs per Person 376
11) R&D Costs by Source of Finance 377
12) International Comparison of R&D Costs by Source of Finance 377
13) International Comparison of R&D Costs Spent by Research Institute 377
14) International Comparison of SCI Papers(2009) 378
15) SCI Paper Publications per Professor(2009) 379
16) Number of Domestic Patents and Patent Registrations of Major Countries 380
17) Number of Registrations of Intellectual Property 381
18) Technology Balance of Payments 382
2. International Comparison of Science & Technology
1) Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D(GERD) 383
2) Investment in Knowledge 385
3) Researchers 386
4) Triadic Patent Families 387
5) Share of ICT in Value Added(2006) 388
6) Shares of ICT Investment in Non-residential Gross Fixed Capital Formation 389
7) Share of ICT-related Occupations in the Total Economy 390
8) Households with Access to Home Computers and the Internet 391
9) Exports of ICT Equipment 392 10) Telephone Access 393
- Publisher
- 한국직업능력개발원
- Citation
- 한국직업능력개발원. (2012-11-05). 2011 Human Resources Development Indicators in Korea.
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- 연구자료 및 Paper > I. 연구자료 (1997~현재)
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