한국인의 직업의식과 직업윤리(2007) : 국제비교 맥락에서 본 한국인의 직업의식

Abstract

글로벌 지식 경제 시대에 한국인의 직업의식이 어떤 위치에 있고 어떤 특징을 갖는지를 파악하는것은 학문적으로나 정책적으로 중요하다. 본 연구는 한국, 일본, 미국, 독일 4개국 국제비교조사를 통해 현 시기 한국인의 직업의식과 직업윤리를 국제적 맥락에서 비교분석한 것이다. 본 연구에서는 한국, 일본, 미국, 독일의 18~64세 성인 취업자를 모집단으로 하여, 각국별로 1,200명씩 총 4,800명의 표본을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 표집 및 조사는 인터넷 엑세스 패널 서베이(Access Panel Survey) 방식에 따라 이루어졌으며, 직업가치관과 직업위세 등 직업의식 및 직업윤리 전반을 조사하였다. 한국인의 일과 삶의 만족도, 조직 및 직무몰입은 미국이나 독일에 비해 낮지만 일본보다 다소높았다. 삶에서 일이 차지하는 중요도는 매우 높았지만, 일에 대한 자부심은 낮아 후진적 양상을 보였다. 일본인들의 조직 및 직무몰입이 높다는 통설을 지지되지 않았다. 직업위세 평가에서 한국은 상대적으로 민간부문의 가치 창출형 직업들에 대한 평가가 낮았으며, 직업위세 격차가 두드러지게 컸다.

KRIVET has done a series of survey researches on Koreans' occupational consciousness since 1998. With the influence of persistent globalization and the impact of economic crisis around the end of 1990s, the Koreans' socio-economic perspectives and consciousness have changed significantly. Considering the situation, this study focused on illuminating the Koreans' occupational consciousness in the context of international comparison. The countries compared in this study were Korea, Japan, the United States and Germany, each of which is considered to have become on advanced IT society. For empirical investigation, data were collected in July and August of 2007 by the Access Panel Survey. The Survey population was workers in the age group of 15 through 64 in the four countries. Each country’s sample size was 1,200, making the total 4,800, which the Access Panel database selected based on the sex and age distribution of each country. Based on survey results, we analyzed the life and work satisfaction, work values, occupational prestige etc. Chapter 1 is a brief introduction of basic issues of this research, and chapter 2 presents a summary of previous research, its implications and the methods used for data collection and analysis. Chapters 3 through 8 deal with the following topics respectively: the satisfaction of life and job; occupational values in IT society; organizational commitment, job commitment and trust in workplace; occupational prestige consciousness; work ethic; job- qualification and occupational consciousness. Chapter 9 summarizes the entire project report. The major findings presented in chapter 3 highlight that the life and job satisfaction were highest among American workers, the Koreans were the lowest but the Japanese. In terms of the degree of interpersonal relation, economic rewards, working hour, work environment, self-development chance, and social reputation of their own job, the workers of the United States and Germany were somewhat high, whereas those of Korea and Japan were comparively low. Especially the Koreans showed the lowest satisfaction on working hours and work environment. ...