기업의 지식과 좋은 일자리

Abstract

본 연구는 기업의 지식에 주목하고자 한다. 즉, 기업의 지식축적 행위와 좋은 일자리 제공 행위가 어떠한 상보성을 가지는지 분석하려고 한다. 기업의 지식투자가 좋은 일자리 제고로 이어지는지, 또는 그 반대 경로가 작동하는지, 더 나아가 기업 지식과 좋은 일자리가 제도적 상보성을 가지고 기업 성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인해 보고자 한다. 이는 한국경제의 고용문제가 기업의 지식축적 문제로 환원될 수 있는지 확인해 보는 작업이기도 하다. 기업의 지식에 대한 투자, 즉 연구개발과 교육훈련, 지식경영 활동 등은 기업이 경쟁력 제고를 위해 필수적인 경영행위로 인식하고 있기 때문에 직접적인 일자리 질 규제에 비해 기업의 저항감이 낮다는 점에서도 본 연구의 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

Currently, the most important issue of the Korean economy is employment. Hereupon, while employment rate which means the problem related to amount of employment has been the subject of social and political considerable interest, the problem of the quality of employment has been a target to be relatively marginalized from policy and research. However, in the Korean economy where the polarization of the labor market is becoming even more serious, the labor market policy’s research project must be oriented with the goal of improvement of both the amount of employment and its quality. As the main agents which offer a job are companies, it is more important than anything to allow companies to offer a good job. In this study, I tried to provide analysis on how the act of accumulation of knowledge and the act of offering a good job have mutual complementaries. It is also a work which helps to make sure if the problem of employment can be a same problem of knowledge accumulation of a company. Good job and knowledge of the company is an important concept of this study, so we have developed the theory framework of the mutual complementarity of these two concepts. This complementarity is working beyond each individual company. Namely, our theory framework covers the firm’s relations. Empirically this paper analyzes relationships between the knowledge and good job at the firm level. If the introduction of technology increases the demands of skilled labor by companies, and if the companies improve the custom of working condition for the supply and the maintenance of skilled labor, the companies knowledge will create good jobs with skilled labor. Or, the improvement of the jobs quality can stimulate the accumulation of human capital of the employees within the companies. This paper empirically proved these paths. It is possible to say the quality of work and knowledge of the company has an associated in any way. Firm’s balance knowledge investment of education&training and research&development creates more high skilled and higher-paid good jobs. And this article analyzes the spillover effect of firm’s knowledge on firm’s job quality focused on high skilled and higher paid jobs between chaebol large sized firms, other large sized firms, and small&medium sized firms. Empirically I found that trickle-up effect and trickle-down effect both are not working. This means that the relation among firms is very short-term in Korean economy. And I conclude that chaebol firms’ strategy to exploit the value from small firms are more strengthened after the 1997-98 financial crisis.