기술혁신 및 산업구조 변화와 학교 직업교육의 대응

Abstract

Recent discussions on megatrends surrounding the industrial structure commonly point to the development of technology due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution as a major trend. In addition to new technologies including nano, bio, and 3D printings, the core technologies of digital transformation such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud, and big data are affecting the entire industry and causing changes in the industrial structure itself, leading to changes in the social and economic structure. However, technological innovation has been discussed in the past as having a negative impact on employment. However, there seems to be a wide range of views on the simplistic assumption that technological innovations such as digital transformation will threaten technical and functional jobs. Taken together, these discussions suggest that the relationship between industrial structure change and vocational education need not be viewed in a monolithic and pessimistic manner, but on the other hand, proactive responses to technological change should also be addressed in vocational education. If our vocational education policies have considered changes in industrial structure at an overview level, it is necessary to take a mid- to long-term view that technological innovation is one of the key drivers of overall changes in industrial structure, and a multilayered response is needed in vocational education. Accordingly, this study was conducted with the purpose of selecting industries and technologies that require intensive exploration from the perspective of vocational schools and colleges, and exploring the changes in industrial structure and the responses of school vocational education institutions in these areas. Specifically, the research consisted of (1) analyzing trends in industrial structure change and reorganization of school vocational education, (2) selecting industrial and technological sectors to be analyzed and constructing a framework for analysis, (3) conducting and analyzing FGIs and surveys to analyze school vocational education responses to new industries and new technologies, and (4) proposing policy issues. The research methods included literature analysis, in-depth interviews with school officials, industry officials, and graduates, and a survey to analyze the actual response of vocational education institutions to industrial structure and technological innovation. ...