북한이탈주민의 취업촉진을 위한 직업능력개발 방안

Abstract

본 연구는 북한이탈주민의 취업 촉진을 위한 직업능력개발 방안을 모색하는데 목적이 있다. 구체적으로 첫째, 국내 취약계층으로서 북한이탈주민의 직업적응 교육훈련 과 관련한 정책개발에 목적이 있다. 둘째, 북한이탈주민이 새로운 사회 및 환경에서 자립 ·자활할 수 있는 직 업교육훈련의 중요성 인식 제고와 새로운 프로그램 개발 필요성 제기 등에 있다. 셋째, 지속적인 북한이탈주민의 증가에 대비하여 이들의 국내 사회에 안정 적으로 적응할 수 있도록 지원할 수 있는 사전적 준비와 대책 수립 방안의 제시에 있다.

The number of residents of North Korea who deserted North Korea and moved to South Korea through a third country such as China has been increased recently. However, North-Korea-deserted residents have many difficulties in adjusting themselves to and settling down in South Korea due to a rapid change in environment. Presently, support of these people is done by the Government and civil organizations, but that support is not enough to be support of the basic self-reliance and self-support. The direction of the government policy presented in "North-Korea-Deserted Resident Law" is converted, in the method of their protection and support, to be reorganization of problems with them at a unification policy level; enhancement of the general ability of confrontation at a pan-government level, installation of exclusive settlement support facilities; and enhancement of the self-supporting and adapting ability along with temporary granting of materials. In the meantime, in reality, support by civil organizations (such as religious groups, social organizations, economy groups, and press groups) is not sufficient although various activities to support them are performed through organization of supporters' associations for North-Korea- deserted residents. On the whole, support of North-Korea-deserted residents accomplished presently is problematic in that there are problems with determination of protection; protection of settlement supporting facilities; supporting system of ensuring living; administration and management system; lack of budget; inactive participation of civil organizations and insufficient organic cooperation; protection of residential areas and post-management; legal matters; etc. Among them, what the most urgent is that they should be self-reliable and self-supporting in a short time through improvement of working ability, which should be supported by the government and civil organizations actively. Therefore, an object of the present study is to present a general method of improvement of working ability of residents who deserted North Korea. The direction of development of working ability of North-Korea- deserted residents presented as a result of the present study is set largely as follows: Firstly, the development of their working ability should be done in a direction of support of fast settlement in a short run, and a direction of seeking for improvement of the quality of living of North-Korea-deserted residents in a long run. Secondly, individual difference of them should be taken into consideration. Basically, the direction of improvement of their ability to work should be done according to their aptitude and ability rather than development and training of vocational ability desired simply by them. Therefore, it is necessary to support development of working ability connected to getting jobs. For this, it is necessary to have a proper examination of working mind for them, i. e., development of a standardized examination of working mind that is proper for them. It is because examination of working mind made according to the standards of South Korean people does not conform to them well. ...