직업계고 졸업자의 노동시장 이행 경로 유형

Abstract

이 연구에서는 마이스터고 및 특성화고 졸업자의 노동시장 이행 양상을 살펴보기 위해 한국교육고용패널 2차 웨이브(KEEPⅡ)의 직업계고 2학년 코호트 자료를 기반으로 직업계고 졸업자의 노동시장 이행 경로를 유형화했다. 시퀀스 분석과 최적 일치법을 활용해 직업계고 졸업 후 42개월간의 노동시장 이행 경로 유형을 도출했으며, 유형별 차이 검정과 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 노동시장 이행 경로 유형별 특성을 분석했다. 분석 결과로는 첫째, 직업계고 졸업자의 노동시장 이행 경로는 시퀀스 간 유사성에 따라 서로 다른 하위 집단으로 구분되는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 마이스터고 졸업자와 특성화고 졸업자의 노동시장 이행 경로는 유형의 특성에 있어 차이점을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 직업계고 졸업자의 노동시장 이행 경로 유형은 인구통계학적 특성, 가정 특성, 학교생활 특성 및 진로 특성에 의해 유의미하게 설명될 수 있으며, 학교유형에 따라 영향을 미치는 세부 요인에 차이가 있음을 확인했다. 이 연구에서는 이상의 분석 결과를 토대로 후속 연구를 위한 제언과 실천적 제언을 제시하였다.

This study aims to examine the labor market transition paths of Meister High School(MHS) and Specialized Vocational High School(SVHS) graduates by categorizing the labor market transition path using the cohort data of the second wave of Korean Education and Employment Panel. To achieve this goal, the 42-month transition path was derived using Sequence Analysis and Optimal Matching method, and a Cluster Analysis was performed to derive the type of transition path. Also, Testing for Difference between the types and Multinominal Logistic Regression Analysis were conducted to examine the characteristics of the previously derived types. As a result, first, it was found that the labor market transition paths of Vocational High School graduates are divided into different subgroups according to the similarity between sequences. MHS graduates' labor market transition paths were divided into four types: Work-Learning Parallel type, Labor Market Breakaway type, Full-time Job Maintenance type, and Employment After Military Service type. The labor market transition path of SVHS graduates was divided into five types: Unemployment type, Military Service type, Full-time Job Maintenance type, Junior College Entrance type, and Four-year College Entrance type. Second, Vocational High School graduates are divided into MHS graduates and SVHS graduates, and the labor market transition path of the two graduate groups was found to have differences in the number of types and characteristics of each type. Third, it was confirmed that the type of labor market transition path of vocational high school graduates can be significantly explained by demographic characteristics, family characteristics, school life characteristics, and career characteristics. And it was found that there are differences in detailed factors by the school type. Based on the above results, the conclusions of this study, suggestions for subsequent research, and practical suggestions were presented.