취업눈높이 결정요인 패널 분석

Abstract

본 논문에서는 7차년도부터 11차년도까지의 한국교육고용패널자료를 이용하여 취업눈높이를 패널화하여 분석하였으며, 분석에 사용한 취업눈높이 지표는 유보임금과 요인분석을 통해 추출된 근무편의성 요인, 선망직장 요인이다. 먼저, 유보임금 결정요인을 패널 분석한 결과, 남성, 연령, 학력은 유의한 정(+)의 효과를 보였고, 결혼여부는 남성표본에서는 정(+)의 효과가, 여성표본에서는 부(-)의 효과가 나타났는데, 이는 남성이 결혼 후에 가지는 경제적 부담이 더 높기 때문으로 해석된다. 둘째, 근무편의성 결정요인의 경우, 여성이 남성보다 근무편의성을 중요시했고 연령은 정(+)의 효과를 보였다. 고3가구소득, 부친교육년수, 종사상 지위, 직장 규모, 로그 시간당 임금이 중요한 설명변수였다. 셋째, 선망직장 결정요인 패널 분석 결과, 남성과 여성간의 차이는 취업자 표본으로 한정했을 때만 여성의 눈높이가 더 높았고, 남성은 연령이 높아질수록 선망직장을 중요시하는 경향이 강해지지만 여성은 반대의 결과가 나타났다.

The purpose of this article is to examine the factor affecting of employment expectation using the wave 7～11 (2010～2014) of Korea Education and Employment Panel(KEEP). The dependent variables are reservation wages, convenient working environment factor, decent job factor, last two of which are extracted from the factor analysis. The main results from analysis are as follows. First, male, age, and education level have a positive effect on reservation wages. Marital status have a positive influence for male, but the result is contrary for female. Also, types of high school, household income level at the time of first wave survey, level of education, business size by employees, log hourly wage are important determinants for reservation wages. Second, women have a higher level of expectation for convenient working environment and age have a significant positive effect. Similar to reservation wages, employment status, household income leve at the time of first wave survey, father’s level of education, business size by employees, log hourly wage are important determinants for convenient working environment factor. Third, for decent job factor, the difference between male and female is observed only in sub-sample of employees and female workers have higher expectation. Male workers attach more importance to decent jobs as age increases, but female worker have an inverse tendency. Education level has a positive effect and marital status exerts a negative influence on expectation for decent jobs. Types of high school, father’s education level, business size by employees, log hourly wage are positively correlated with decent job factor.